Wind turbine surge protection is an absolute must if operators are to prevent the eventual failures of equipment and damage to components caused by lightning strikes. Wind farms are generally positioned in remote locations, subject to harsh weather conditions including lightning strike related damage. If lightning strikes even near a wind farm the likelihood of residual surge damage is significantly increased if the wind turbine is left unprotected. In fact, the majority of damage caused by lightning is as a result of indirect strikes to turbines having inadequate protection, or a combination of insufficient grounding or transient surge protection. Lightning strikes will most times be associated with blades, however there is also significant risk of damage as a result of over-current and over-voltage transients which are brought about through both direct and indirect strikes. There are roughly 1,700 active electrical storms at any time of day throughout the world, producing over 100 lightning flashes per second. This means that there are upwards of 8 million lightning strikes every day, and cloud to ground strikes make up about 10% of this number. The odds of a wind turbine being struck by lightning are high, and the resulting damages are not limited to component failure. In addition to the obvious direct strike damage, there is also significant risk to people and structures in the form of step and touch potentials, side flashes and secondary events such as smoke inhalation, potential falling objects and water ingresses. (more…)